Article, 2024
Gaia Focused Product Release: A catalogue of sources around quasars to search for strongly lensed quasars
Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISSN 0004-6361, Volume 685, 10.1051/0004-6361/202347273
Contributors
Krone-Martins A. 0000-0002-2308-6623 [1] Ducourant C. 0000-0003-4843-8979 [2] Galluccio L. 0000-0002-8541-0476 [3] Delchambre L. 0000-0003-2559-408X [4] Oreshina-Slezak I. [3] Teixeira R. 0000-0002-6806-6626 [5] Braine J. 0000-0003-1740-1284 [2] Le Campion J.-F. [2] Mignard F. [3] Roux W. 0000-0002-7816-1950 [6] Blazere A. [6] Pegoraro L. [6] Brown A.G.A. 0000-0002-7419-9679 [7] Vallenari A. 0000-0003-0014-519X [8] Prusti T. 0000-0003-3120-7867 [9] De Bruijne J.H.J. 0000-0001-6459-8599 [9] Arenou F. 0000-0003-2837-3899 [10] Babusiaux C. 0000-0002-7631-348X [11] Barbier A. 0009-0004-0983-931X [6] Biermann M. 0000-0002-5791-9056 [12] Creevey O.L. 0000-0003-1853-6631 [3] Evans D.W. 0000-0002-6685-5998 [13] Eyer L. 0000-0002-0182-8040 [14] Guerra R. 0000-0002-9850-8982 [15] Hutton A. [16] Jordi C. 0000-0001-5495-9602 [17] [18] Klioner S.A. 0000-0003-4682-7831 [19] Lammers U. 0000-0001-8309-3801 [15] Lindegren L. 0000-0002-5443-3026 [20] Luri X. 0000-0001-5428-9397 [17] [18] Randich S. 0000-0003-2438-0899 [21] Sartoretti P. 0000-0002-6574-7565 [10] Smiljanic R. 0000-0003-0942-7855 [22] Tanga P. 0000-0002-2718-997X [3] Walton N.A. 0000-0003-3983-8778 [13] Bailer-Jones C.A.L. [23] Bastian U. 0000-0002-8667-1715 [12] Cropper M. 0000-0003-4571-9468 [24] Drimmel R. 0000-0002-1777-5502 [25] Katz D. 0000-0001-7986-3164 [10] Soubiran C. 0000-0003-3304-8134 [2] Van Leeuwen F. 0000-0003-1781-4441 [13] Audard M. 0000-0003-4721-034X [14] Bakker J. [15] Blomme R. 0000-0002-2526-346X [26] Castaneda J. 0000-0001-7820-946X [17] [18] De Angeli F. 0000-0003-1879-0488 [13] Fabricius C. 0000-0003-2639-1372 [17] [18] Fouesneau M. 0000-0001-9256-5516 [23] Fremat Y. 0000-0002-4645-6017 [26] Guerrier A. [6] Masana E. 0000-0002-4819-329X [17] [18] Messineo R. [27] Nicolas C. [6] Nienartowicz K. 0000-0001-5415-0547 [14] [28] Pailler F. 0000-0002-4834-481X [6] Panuzzo P. 0000-0002-0016-8271 [10] Riclet F. [6] Seabroke G.M. 0000-0003-4072-9536 [24] Sordo R. 0000-0003-4979-0659 [8] Thevenin F. 0000-0002-5032-2476 [3] Gracia-Abril G. [12] [15] Portell J. 0000-0002-8886-8925 [17] [18] Teyssier D. 0000-0002-6261-5292 [16] Altmann M. 0000-0002-0530-0913 [12] [29] Benson K. [24] Berthier J. 0000-0003-1846-6485 [29] Burgess P.W. 0009-0002-6668-4559 [13] Busonero D. 0000-0002-3903-7076 [25] Busso G. 0000-0003-0937-9849 [13] Canovas H. 0000-0001-7668-8022 [16] Carry B. 0000-0001-5242-3089 [3] Cheek N. [16] Clementini G. 0000-0001-9206-9723 [30] Damerdji Y. 0000-0002-3107-4024 [4] [31] Davidson M. 0000-0001-9271-4411 [32] De Teodoro P. [15] Dell' Oro A. 0000-0003-1561-9685 [21] Fraile Garcia E. 0000-0001-7742-9663 [16] Garabato D. 0000-0002-7133-6623 [33] Garcia-Lario P. 0000-0003-4039-8212 [15] Garralda Torres N. [16] Gavras P. 0000-0002-4383-4836 [16] Haigron R. [10] Hambly N.C. 0000-0002-9901-9064 [32] Harrison D.L. 0000-0001-8687-6588 [13] Hatzidimitriou D. 0000-0002-5415-0464 [34] Hernandez J. 0000-0002-0361-4994 [15] Hodgkin S.T. 0000-0002-5470-3962 [13] Holl B. 0000-0001-6220-3266 [14] Jamal S. 0000-0002-3929-6668 [23] Jordan S. 0000-0001-6316-6831 [12] Lanzafame A.C. 0000-0002-2697-3607 [35] [36] Loffler W. 0000-0001-7461-8928 [12] Lorca A. 0000-0002-7985-250X [16] Marchal O. 0000-0001-7461-8928 [37] Marrese P.M. 0000-0002-8162-3810 [38] [39] Moitinho A. 0000-0003-0822-5995 [1] Muinonen K. 0000-0001-8058-2642 [40] [41] Nunez Campos M. [16] Osborne P. 0000-0003-4482-3538 [13] Pancino E. 0000-0003-0788-5879 [21] [38] Pauwels T. [26] Recio-Blanco A. 0000-0002-6550-7377 [3] Riello M. 0000-0002-3134-0935 [13] Rimoldini L. 0000-0002-0306-585X [14] Robin A.C. 0000-0001-8654-9499 [42] Roegiers T. 0000-0002-1231-4440 [43] Sarro L.M. 0000-0002-5622-5191 [44] Schultheis M. 0000-0002-6590-1657 [3] Siopis C. 0000-0002-6267-2924 [45] Smith M. 0000-0003-0227-3451 [24] Sozzetti A. 0000-0002-7504-365X [25] Utrilla E. [16] Van Leeuwen M. 0000-0001-9698-2392 [13] Weingrill K. 0000-0002-8163-2493 [46] Abbas U. 0000-0002-5076-766X [25] Abraham P. 0000-0001-6015-646X [47] [48] Abreu Aramburu A. 0000-0003-3959-0856 [16] Aerts C. 0000-0003-1822-7126 [23] [49] [50] Altavilla G. 0000-0002-9934-1352 [38] [39] Alvarez M.A. 0000-0002-6786-2620 [33] Alves J. 0000-0002-4355-0921 [51] Anderson R.I. 0000-0001-8089-4419 [52] Antoja T. 0000-0003-2595-5148 [17] [18] Baines D. 0000-0002-6923-3756 [16] Baker S.G. 0000-0002-6436-1257 [24] Balog Z. 0000-0003-1748-2926 [12] [23] Barache C. [29] Barbato D. [14] [25] Barros M. 0000-0002-9728-9618 [1] Barstow M.A. 0000-0002-7116-3259 [53] Bartolome S. 0000-0002-6290-6030 [17] [18] Bashi D. 0000-0002-9035-2645 [54] [55] Bauchet N. 0000-0002-2307-8973 [10] Baudeau N. [6] Becciani U. 0000-0002-4389-8688 [36] Bedin L.R. 0000-0003-4080-6466 [8] Bellas-Velidis I. [56] Bellazzini M. 0000-0001-8200-810X [30] Beordo W. 0000-0002-5094-1306 [25] [57] Berihuete A. 0000-0002-8589-4423 [58] Bernet M. 0000-0001-7503-1010 [17] [18] Bertolotto C. [27] Bertone S. 0000-0001-9885-8440 [25] Bianchi L. 0000-0002-7999-4372 [59] Binnenfeld A. 0000-0002-9319-3838 [55] Boch T. 0000-0001-5818-2781 [37] Bombrun A. [16] Bouquillon S. [29] [60] Bragaglia A. 0000-0002-0338-7883 [30] Bramante L. [27] Breedt E. 0000-0001-6180-3438 [13] Bressan A. 0000-0002-9333-3394 [61] Brouillet N. 0000-0002-3274-7024 [2] Brugaletta E. 0000-0003-2598-6737 [36] Bucciarelli B. 0000-0002-5303-0268 [25] [57] Butkevich A.G. 0000-0002-4098-3588 [25] Buzzi R. 0000-0001-9389-5701 [25] Caffau E. 0000-0001-6011-6134 [10] Cancelliere R. 0000-0002-9120-3799 [57] Cannizzo S. [6] Carballo R. 0000-0001-7412-2498 [62] Carlucci T. [29] Carnerero M.I. 0000-0001-5843-5515 [25] Carrasco J.M. 0000-0002-3029-5853 [17] [18] Carretero J. 0000-0002-3130-0204 [63] Carton S. [6] Casamiquela L. 0000-0001-5238-8674 [2] [10] Castellani M. 0000-0002-7650-7428 [39] Castro-Ginard A. 0000-0002-9419-3725 [7] Cesare V. 0000-0003-1119-4237 [36] Charlot P. 0000-0002-9142-716X [2] Chemin L. 0000-0002-3834-7937 [64] Chiaramida V. [27] Chiavassa A. 0000-0003-3891-7554 [3] Chornay N. 0000-0002-8767-3907 [13] [14] Collins R.S. 0000-0001-8437-1703 [32] Contursi G. 0000-0001-5370-1511 [3] Cooper W.J. 0000-0003-3501-8967 [25] [65] Cornez T. [6] Crosta M. 0000-0003-4369-3786 [25] [57] Crowley C. 0000-0002-9391-9360 [16] Dafonte C. 0000-0003-4693-7555 [33] De Laverny P. 0000-0002-2817-4104 [3] De Luise F. 0000-0002-6570-8208 [25] De March R. 0000-0003-0567-842X [27] De Souza R. 0009-0007-7669-0254 [5] De Torres A. [16] Del Peloso E.F. [12] Delbo M. 0000-0002-8963-2404 [3] Delgado A. [16] Dharmawardena T.E. 0000-0002-9583-5216 [23] Diakite S. [66] Diener C. [13] Distefano E. 0000-0002-2448-2513 [36] Dolding C. [24] Dsilva K. 0000-0002-1476-9772 [45] Duran J. [16] Enke H. 0000-0002-2366-8316 [46] Esquej P. 0000-0001-8195-628X [16] Fabre C. [6] Fabrizio M. 0000-0001-5829-111X [38] [39] Faigler S. 0000-0002-8368-5724 [55] FatoviaA A M. 0000-0003-1911-4326 Fedorets G. 0000-0002-8418-4809 [41] [67] Fernandez-Hernandez J. 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[42] Liao S. 0000-0002-9346-0211 [25] [81] [82] Liberato L. 0000-0003-3433-6269 [3] [83] Licata E. 0000-0002-5203-0135 [25] Lindstrom H.E.P. 0009-0004-8864-5459 [25] [84] [85] Lister T.A. 0000-0002-3818-7769 [86] Livanou E. 0000-0003-0628-2347 [34] Lobel A. 0000-0001-5030-019X [26] Loup C. [37] Mahy L. 0000-0003-0688-7987 [26] Mann R.G. 0000-0002-0194-325X [32] Manteiga M. 0000-0002-7711-5581 [33] Marchant J.M. 0000-0002-3678-3145 [87] Marconi M. 0000-0002-1330-2927 [80] Marin Pina D. 0000-0001-6482-1842 [17] [18] Marinoni S. 0000-0001-7990-6849 [38] [39] Marshall D.J. 0000-0003-3956-3524 [88] Martin Lozano J. 0009-0001-2435-6680 [16] Martin-Fleitas J.M. 0000-0002-8594-569X [16] Marton G. 0000-0002-1326-1686 [47] Mary N. [6] Masip A. 0000-0003-1419-0020 [17] [18] Massari D. 0000-0001-8892-4301 [30] Mastrobuono-Battisti A. 0000-0002-2386-9142 [10] Mazeh T. 0000-0002-3569-3391 [55] McMillan P.J. 0000-0002-8861-2620 [20] Meichsner J. 0000-0002-9900-7864 [19] Messina S. 0000-0002-2851-2468 [36] Michalik D. 0000-0002-7618-6556 [9] Millar N.R. [13] Mints A. 0000-0002-8440-1455 [46] Molina D. 0000-0003-4814-0275 [17] [18] Molinaro R. 0000-0003-3055-6002 [80] Molnar L. 0000-0002-8159-1599 [47] [48] [89] Monari G. 0000-0002-6863-0661 [37] Monguio M. 0000-0002-4519-6700 [17] [18] Montegriffo P. 0000-0001-5013-5948 [30] Montero A. [16] Mor R. 0000-0002-8179-6527 [17] [18] Mora A. [16] Morbidelli R. 0000-0001-7627-4946 [25] Morel T. 0000-0002-8176-4816 [4] Morris D. 0000-0002-1952-6251 [32] Mowlavi N. 0000-0003-1578-6993 [14] Munoz D. [6] Muraveva T. 0000-0002-0969-1915 [30] Murphy C.P. [15] Musella I. 0000-0001-5909-6615 [80] Nagy Z. 0000-0002-3632-1194 [47] Nieto S. [16] Noval L. [6] Ogden A. [13] Ordenovic C. [3] Pagani C. 0000-0001-5477-4720 [53] Pagano I. 0000-0001-9573-4928 [36] Palaversa L. 0000-0003-3710-0331 Palicio P.A. 0000-0002-7432-8709 [3] Pallas-Quintela L. 0000-0001-9296-3100 [33] Panahi A. 0000-0001-5850-4373 [55] Panem C. [6] Payne-Wardenaar S. [12] Penttila A. 0000-0001-7403-1721 [41] Pesciullesi P. [16] Piersimoni A.M. 0000-0002-8019-3708 [25] Pinamonti M. 0000-0002-4445-1845 [25] Pineau F.-X. 0000-0002-2335-4499 [37] Plachy E. 0000-0002-5481-3352 [47] [48] [89] Plum G. [10] Poggio E. 0000-0003-3793-8505 [3] [25] Pourbaix D. 0000-0002-3020-1837 [45] [72] Prsa A. 0000-0002-1913-0281 [90] Pulone L. 0000-0002-5285-998X [39] Racero E. 0000-0002-6101-9050 [16] [91] Rainer M. 0000-0002-8786-2572 [21] [92] Raiteri C.M. 0000-0003-1784-2784 [25] Ramos P. 0000-0002-5080-7027 [17] [18] [93] Ramos-Lerate M. 0009-0005-4677-8031 [16] Ratajczak M. 0000-0002-3218-2684 [78] Re Fiorentin P. 0000-0002-4995-0475 [25] Regibo S. 0000-0001-7227-9563 [50] Reyle C. 0000-0003-2258-2403 [42] Ripepi V. 0000-0003-1801-426X [80] Riva A. 0000-0002-6928-8589 [25] Rix H.-W. 0000-0003-4996-9069 [23] Rixon G. 0000-0003-4399-6568 [13] Robichon N. 0000-0003-4545-7517 [10] Robin C. [6] Romero-Gomez M. 0000-0003-3936-1025 [17] [18] Rowell N. 0000-0003-3809-1895 [32] Royer F. 0000-0002-9374-8645 [10] Ruz Mieres D. 0000-0002-9455-157X [13] Rybicki K.A. 0000-0002-9326-9329 [94] Sadowski G. 0000-0002-3411-1003 [45] Saez Nunez A. 0009-0001-6078-0868 [17] [18] Sagrista Selles A. 0000-0001-6191-2028 [12] Sahlmann J. 0000-0001-9525-3673 [16] Sanchez Gimenez V. 0000-0003-1797-3557 [17] [18] Sanna N. 0000-0001-9275-9492 [21] Santovena R. 0000-0002-9257-2131 [33] Sarasso M. 0000-0001-5121-0727 [25] Sarrate Riera C. [17] [18] Sciacca E. 0000-0002-5574-2787 [36] Segovia J.C. [16] Segransan D. 0000-0003-2355-8034 [14] Shahaf S. 0000-0001-9298-8068 [94] Siebert A. 0000-0001-8059-2840 [37] [95] Siltala L. 0000-0002-6938-794X [41] Slezak E. [3] Smart R.L. 0000-0002-4424-4766 [25] [65] Snaith O.N. 0000-0003-1414-1296 [10] [96] Solano E. 0000-0003-1885-5130 [15] Solitro F. [27] Souami D. 0000-0003-4058-0815 [29] Souchay J. [29] Spina L. 0000-0002-9760-6249 [8] Spitoni E. 0000-0001-9715-5727 [3] [97] Spoto F. 0000-0001-7319-5847 [98] Squillante L.A. [27] Steele I.A. 0000-0001-8397-5759 [87] Steidelmuller H. [19] Surdej J. 0000-0002-7005-1976 [4] Szabados L. 0000-0002-2046-4131 [47] Taris F. [29] Taylor M.B. 0000-0002-4209-1479 [99] TisaniaA A K. 0000-0001-6382-4937 Tolomei L. 0000-0002-3541-3230 [27] Torra F. 0000-0002-8429-299X [17] [18] Torralba Elipe G. 0000-0001-8738-194X [33] [100] [101] Trabucchi M. 0000-0002-1429-2388 [14] [102] Tsantaki M. 0000-0002-0552-2313 [21] Ulla A. 0000-0001-6424-5005 [71] Unger N. 0000-0003-3993-7127 [14] Vanel O. 0000-0002-7898-0454 [10] Vecchiato A. 0000-0003-1399-5556 [25] Vicente D. 0000-0002-1584-1182 [70] Voutsinas S. [32] Weiler M. [17] [18] Wyrzykowski L. 0000-0002-9658-6151 [78] Zhao H. 0000-0003-2645-6869 [3] [103] Zorec J. 0000-0003-1257-6915 [104] Zwitter T. 0000-0002-2325-8763 [105] Balaguer-Nunez L. 0000-0001-9789-7069 [17] [18] Leclerc N. 0009-0001-5569-6098 [10] Morgenthaler S. 0009-0005-6349-3716 [52] Robert G. [6] Zucker S. 0000-0003-3173-3138 [55]Affiliations
- [1] Universidade de Lisboa [NORA names: Portugal; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [2] CNRS [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [3] Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [4] University of Liège [NORA names: Belgium; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [5] Universidade de São Paulo [NORA names: Brazil; America, South];
- [6] CNES [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [7] Leiden Observatory [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [8] INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [9] ESTEC [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [10] GEPI [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [11] Université Joseph Fourier [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [12] Astronomisches Rechen-Institut [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [13] Institute of Astronomy [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [14] Observatoire de Genève [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [15] ESAC [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [16] European Space Agency [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [17] Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [18] University of Barcelona [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [19] Technische Universität Dresden [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [20] Lund Observatory [NORA names: Sweden; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [21] INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [22] Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center [NORA names: Poland; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [23] Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [24] Mullard Space Science Laboratory [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [25] INAF [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [26] Royal Observatory of Belgium [NORA names: Belgium; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [27] ALTEC S.p.a [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [28] Sednai Sàrl [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [29] Observatoire de Paris [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [30] INAF [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [31] Astrophysique et Géophysique [NORA names: Algeria; Africa];
- [32] Institute for Astronomy [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [33] University of A Coruña [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [34] University of Athens [NORA names: Greece; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [35] Sezione INFN [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [36] INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [37] Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [38] Space Science Data Center - ASI [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [39] INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [40] Finnish Geospatial Research Institute FGI [NORA names: Finland; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [41] University of Helsinki [NORA names: Finland; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [42] CNRS [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [43] HE Space Operations BV for ESA/ESAC [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [44] Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [45] Université Libre de Bruxelles [NORA names: Belgium; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [46] Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [47] Hungarian Academy of Sciences [NORA names: Hungary; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [48] Eötvös Loránd University [NORA names: Hungary; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [49] Institute for Mathematics [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [50] Instituut voor Sterrenkunde [NORA names: Belgium; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [51] University of Vienna [NORA names: Austria; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [52] Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [53] University of Leicester [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [54] Cavendish Laboratory [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [55] Tel Aviv University [NORA names: Israel; Asia, Middle East; OECD];
- [56] National Observatory of Athens [NORA names: Greece; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [57] University of Turin [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [58] Universidad de Cádiz [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [59] EURIX S.r.l. [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [60] Universidad de Chile [NORA names: Chile; America, South; OECD];
- [61] International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [62] Universidad de Cantabria [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [63] Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [64] Universidad Andres Bello [NORA names: Chile; America, South; OECD];
- [65] University of Hertfordshire [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [66] Université de Franche-Comté [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [67] Queen's University Belfast [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [68] Universidad Pablo de Olavide [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [69] Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas [NORA names: Greece; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [70] Barcelona Supercomputing Center [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [71] Universidade de Vigo [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [72] F.R.S.-FNRS [NORA names: Belgium; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [73] Luleå University of Technology [NORA names: Sweden; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [74] Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [NORA names: Netherlands; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [75] Departamento de Astrofísica [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [76] Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [77] Australian National University [NORA names: Australia; Oceania; OECD];
- [78] University of Warsaw [NORA names: Poland; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [79] Institut de Physique de Rennes [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [80] INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [81] Shanghai Astronomical Observatory [NORA names: China; Asia, East];
- [82] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [NORA names: China; Asia, East];
- [83] Universidade Estadual Paulista [NORA names: Brazil; America, South];
- [84] DXC Technology [NORA names: Other Companies; Private Research; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [85] Niels Bohr Institute [NORA names: KU University of Copenhagen; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
- [86] Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [87] Liverpool John Moores University [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [88] CNRS [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [89] Konkoly Observatory [NORA names: Hungary; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [90] Villanova University [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [91] Universidad Complutense de Madrid [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [92] Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [93] National Astronomical Observatory of Japan [NORA names: Japan; Asia, East; OECD];
- [94] Weizmann Institute of Science [NORA names: Israel; Asia, Middle East; OECD];
- [95] Centre de Données Astronomique de Strasbourg [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [96] University of Exeter [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [97] Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [98] Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics [NORA names: United States; America, North; OECD];
- [99] University of Bristol [NORA names: United Kingdom; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
- [100] Computer Science Department [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [101] Department of Physiotherapy [NORA names: Spain; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [102] University of Padova [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [103] Purple Mountain Observatory [NORA names: China; Asia, East];
- [104] Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
- [105] University of Ljubljana [NORA names: Slovenia; Europe, EU; OECD]
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Abstract
Context. Strongly lensed quasars are fundamental sources for cosmology. The Gaia space mission covers the entire sky with the unprecedented resolution of 0.18âà € ³ in the optical, making it an ideal instrument to search for gravitational lenses down to the limiting magnitude of 21. Nevertheless, the previous Gaia Data Releases are known to be incomplete for small angular separations such as those expected for most lenses. Aims. We present the Data Processing and Analysis Consortium GravLens pipeline, which was built to analyse all Gaia detections around quasars and to cluster them into sources, thus producing a catalogue of secondary sources around each quasar. We analysed the resulting catalogue to produce scores that indicate source configurations that are compatible with strongly lensed quasars. Methods. GravLens uses the DBSCAN unsupervised clustering algorithm to detect sources around quasars. The resulting catalogue of multiplets is then analysed with several methods to identify potential gravitational lenses. We developed and applied an outlier scoring method, a comparison between the average BP and RP spectra of the components, and we also used an extremely randomised tree algorithm. These methods produce scores to identify the most probable configurations and to establish a list of lens candidates. Results. We analysed the environment of 3 760 032 quasars. A total of 4 760 920 sources, including the quasars, were found within 6âà € ³ of the quasar positions. This list is given in the Gaia archive. In 87% of cases, the quasar remains a single source, and in 501 385 cases neighbouring sources were detected. We propose a list of 381 lensed candidates, of which we identified 49 as the most promising ones. Beyond these candidates, the associate tables in this Focused Product Release allow the entire community to explore the unique Gaia data for strong lensing studies further.
Keywords
Data Provider: Elsevier
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