open access publication

Article, 2024

Pseudorapidity dependence of anisotropic flow and its decorrelations using long-range multiparticle correlations in Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe collisions

Physics Letters Section B Nuclear Elementary Particle and High Energy Physics, ISSN 0370-2693, Volume 850, 10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138477

Contributors

Acharya S. 0000-0002-9213-5329 [1] Adamova D. 0000-0002-0504-7428 [2] Adler A. [3] Aglieri Rinella G. 0000-0002-9611-3696 [4] Agnello M. 0000-0002-0760-5075 [5] Agrawal N. 0000-0003-0348-9836 [6] Ahammed Z. 0000-0001-5241-7412 [7] Ahmad S. 0000-0003-0497-5705 [8] Ahn S.U. 0000-0001-8847-489X [9] Ahuja I. 0000-0002-4417-1392 [10] Akindinov A. 0000-0002-7388-3022 Al-Turany M. 0000-0002-8071-4497 [11] Aleksandrov D. 0000-0002-9719-7035 Alessandro B. 0000-0001-9680-4940 [5] Alfanda H.M. 0000-0002-5659-2119 [12] Alfaro Molina R. 0000-0002-4713-7069 [13] Ali B. 0000-0002-0877-7979 [8] Alici A. 0000-0003-3618-4617 [6] Alizadehvandchali N. 0009-0000-7365-1064 [14] Alkin A. 0000-0002-2205-5761 [4] Alme J. 0000-0003-0177-0536 [15] Alocco G. 0000-0001-8910-9173 [16] Alt T. 0009-0005-4862-5370 [3] Altamura A.R. 0000-0001-8048-5500 [17] Altsybeev I. 0000-0002-8079-7026 [18] Alvarado J.R. 0000-0002-5038-1337 [19] Anaam M.N. 0000-0002-6180-4243 [12] Andrei C. 0000-0001-8535-0680 [20] Andreou N. 0009-0009-7457-6866 [21] Andronic A. 0000-0002-2372-6117 [22] Anguelov V. 0009-0006-0236-2680 [23] Antinori F. 0000-0002-7366-8891 [24] Antonioli P. 0000-0001-7516-3726 [6] Apadula N. 0000-0002-5478-6120 [25] Aphecetche L. 0000-0001-7662-3878 [26] Appelshauser H. 0000-0003-0614-7671 [3] Arata C. 0009-0002-1990-7289 [27] Arcelli S. 0000-0001-6367-9215 [6] Aresti M. 0000-0003-3142-6787 [16] Arnaldi R. 0000-0001-6698-9577 [5] Arneiro J.G.M.C.A. 0000-0002-5194-2079 [28] Arsene I.C. 0000-0003-2316-9565 [29] Arslandok M. 0000-0002-3888-8303 [30] Augustinus A. 0009-0008-5460-6805 [4] Averbeck R. 0000-0003-4277-4963 [11] Azmi M.D. 0000-0002-2501-6856 [8] Baba H. [31] Badala A. 0000-0002-0569-4828 [32] Bae J. 0009-0008-4806-8019 [33] Baek Y.W. 0000-0002-4343-4883 [34] Bai X. 0009-0009-9085-079X [35] Bailhache R. 0000-0001-7987-4592 [3] Bailung Y. 0000-0003-1172-0225 [36] Balbino A. 0000-0002-0359-1403 [5] Baldisseri A. 0000-0002-6186-289X [37] Balis B. 0000-0002-3082-4209 [38] Banerjee D. 0000-0001-5743-7578 [39] Banoo Z. 0000-0002-7178-3001 [40] Barbera R. 0000-0001-5971-6415 [41] Barile F. 0000-0003-2088-1290 [17] Barioglio L. 0000-0002-7328-9154 [18] Barlou M. [42] Barnafoldi G.G. 0000-0001-9223-6480 [43] Barnby L.S. 0000-0001-7357-9904 [44] Barret V. 0000-0003-0611-9283 [1] Barreto L. 0000-0002-6454-0052 [28] Bartels C. 0009-0002-3371-4483 [45] Barth K. 0000-0001-7633-1189 [4] Bartsch E. 0009-0006-7928-4203 [3] Bastid N. 0000-0002-6905-8345 [1] Basu S. 0000-0003-0687-8124 [46] Batigne G. 0000-0001-8638-6300 [26] Battistini D. 0009-0000-0199-3372 [18] Batyunya B. 0009-0009-2974-6985 Bauri D. [47] Bazo Alba J.L. 0000-0001-9148-9101 [48] Bearden I.G. 0000-0003-2784-3094 [49] Beattie C. 0000-0001-7431-4051 [30] Becht P. 0000-0002-7908-3288 [11] Behera D. 0000-0002-2599-7957 [36] Belikov I. 0009-0005-5922-8936 [50] Bell Hechavarria A.D.C. 0000-0002-0442-6549 [22] Bellini F. 0000-0003-3498-4661 [6] Bellwied R. 0000-0002-3156-0188 [14] Belokurova S. 0000-0002-4862-3384 Bencedi G. 0000-0002-9040-5292 [43] Beole S. 0000-0003-4673-8038 [5] Berdnikov Y. 0000-0003-0309-5917 Berdnikova A. 0000-0003-3705-7898 [23] Bergmann L. 0009-0004-5511-2496 [23] Besoiu M.G. 0000-0001-5253-2517 [51] Betev L. 0000-0002-1373-1844 [4] Bhaduri P.P. 0000-0001-7883-3190 [7] Bhasin A. 0000-0002-3687-8179 [40] Bhat M.A. 0000-0002-3643-1502 [39] Bhattacharjee B. 0000-0002-3755-0992 [52] Bianchi L. 0000-0003-1664-8189 [5] Bianchi N. 0000-0001-6861-2810 [53] Bielcik J. 0000-0003-4940-2441 [54] Bielcikova J. 0000-0003-1659-0394 [2] Biernat J. 0000-0001-5613-7629 [55] Bigot A.P. 0009-0001-0415-8257 [50] Bilandzic A. 0000-0003-0002-4654 [18] Biro G. 0000-0003-2849-0120 [43] Biswas S. 0000-0003-3578-5373 [39] Bize N. 0009-0008-5850-0274 [26] Blair J.T. 0000-0002-4681-3002 [56] Blau D. 0000-0002-4266-8338 Blidaru M.B. 0000-0002-8085-8597 [11] Bluhme N. [57] Blume C. 0000-0002-6800-3465 [3] Boca G. 0000-0002-2829-5950 [58] [59] Bock F. 0000-0003-4185-2093 [60] Bodova T. 0009-0001-4479-0417 [15] Bogdanov A. Boi S. 0000-0002-5942-812X [16] Bok J. 0000-0001-6283-2927 [61] Boldizsar L. 0009-0009-8669-3875 [43] Bombara M. 0000-0001-7333-224X [10] Bond P.M. 0009-0004-0514-1723 [4] Bonomi G. 0000-0003-1618-9648 [58] [62] Borel H. 0000-0001-8879-6290 [37] Borissov A. 0000-0003-2881-9635 Borquez Carcamo A.G. 0009-0009-3727-3102 [23] Bossi H. 0000-0001-7602-6432 [30] Botta E. 0000-0002-5054-1521 [5] Bouziani Y.E.M. 0000-0003-3468-3164 [3] Bratrud L. 0000-0002-3069-5822 [3] Braun-Munzinger P. 0000-0003-2527-0720 [11] Bregant M. 0000-0001-9610-5218 [28] Broz M. 0000-0002-3075-1556 [54] Bruno G.E. 0000-0001-6247-9633 [17] [63] Buckland M.D. 0009-0008-2547-0419 [64] Budnikov D. 0009-0009-7215-3122 Buesching H. 0009-0009-4284-8943 [3] Bufalino S. 0000-0002-0413-9478 [5] Buhler P. 0000-0003-2049-1380 [65] Burmasov N. 0000-0002-9962-1880 Buthelezi Z. 0000-0002-8880-1608 [66] [67] Bylinkin A. 0000-0001-6286-120X [15] Bysiak S.A. 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[11] Clai G. [6] Colamaria F. 0000-0003-2677-7961 [17] Colburn J.S. [76] Colella D. 0000-0001-9102-9500 [17] [63] Colocci M. 0000-0001-7804-0721 [6] Concas M. 0000-0003-4167-9665 [5] Conesa Balbastre G. 0000-0001-5283-3520 [27] Conesa del Valle Z. 0000-0002-7602-2930 [37] Contin G. 0000-0001-9504-2702 [64] Contreras J.G. 0000-0002-9677-5294 [54] Coquet M.L. 0000-0002-8343-8758 [37] Cortese P. 0000-0003-2778-6421 [5] [77] Cosentino M.R. 0000-0002-7880-8611 [78] Costa F. 0000-0001-6955-3314 [4] Costanza S. 0000-0002-5860-585X [58] [59] Cot C. 0000-0001-5845-6500 [37] Crkovska J. 0000-0002-7946-7580 [23] Crochet P. 0000-0001-7528-6523 [1] Cruz-Torres R. 0000-0001-6359-0608 [25] Cui P. 0000-0001-5140-9816 [12] Dainese A. 0000-0002-2166-1874 [24] Danisch M.C. 0000-0002-5165-6638 [23] Danu A. 0000-0002-8899-3654 [51] Das P. 0009-0002-3904-8872 [39] [72] Das S. 0000-0002-2678-6780 [39] Dash A.R. 0000-0001-6632-7741 [22] Dash S. 0000-0001-5008-6859 [47] De Caro A. 0000-0002-7865-4202 [68] de Cataldo G. 0000-0002-3220-4505 [17] de Cuveland J. [57] De Falco A. 0000-0002-0830-4872 [16] De Gruttola D. 0000-0002-7055-6181 [68] De Marco N. 0000-0002-5884-4404 [5] De Martin C. 0000-0002-0711-4022 [64] De Pasquale S. 0000-0001-9236-0748 [68] Deb R. 0009-0002-6200-0391 [62] Del Grande R. 0000-0002-7599-2716 [18] Dello Stritto L. 0000-0001-6700-7950 [68] Deng W. 0000-0003-2860-9881 [12] Dhankher P. 0000-0002-6562-5082 [79] Di Bari D. 0000-0002-5559-8906 [17] Di Mauro A. 0000-0003-0348-092X [4] Diab B. 0000-0002-6669-1698 [37] Diaz R.A. 0000-0002-4886-6052 [80] Dietel T. 0000-0002-2065-6256 [81] Ding Y. 0009-0005-3775-1945 [12] Divia R. 0000-0002-6357-7857 [4] Dixit D.U. 0009-0000-1217-7768 [79] Djuvsland O. [15] Dmitrieva U. 0000-0001-6853-8905 Dobrin A. 0000-0003-4432-4026 [51] Donigus B. 0000-0003-0739-0120 [3] Dubinski J.M. 0000-0002-2568-0132 [82] Dubla A. 0000-0002-9582-8948 [11] Dudi S. 0009-0007-4091-5327 [83] Dupieux P. 0000-0002-0207-2871 [1] Durkac M. [84] Dzalaiova N. [85] Eder T.M. 0009-0008-9752-4391 [22] Ehlers R.J. 0000-0002-3897-0876 [25] Eisenhut F. 0009-0006-9458-8723 [3] Ejima R. [86] Elia D. 0000-0001-6351-2378 [17] Erazmus B. 0009-0003-4464-3366 [26] Ercolessi F. 0000-0001-7873-0968 [6] Erhardt F. 0000-0001-9410-246X [87] Ersdal M.R. [15] Espagnon B. 0000-0003-2449-3172 [37] Eulisse G. 0000-0003-1795-6212 [4] Evans D. 0000-0002-8427-322X [76] Evdokimov S. 0000-0002-4239-6424 Fabbietti L. 0000-0002-2325-8368 [18] Faggin M. 0000-0003-2202-5906 [24] Faivre J. 0009-0007-8219-3334 [27] Fan F. 0000-0003-3573-3389 [12] Fan W. 0000-0002-0844-3282 [25] Fantoni A. 0000-0001-6270-9283 [53] Fasel M. 0009-0005-4586-0930 [60] Fecchio P. [5] Feliciello A. 0000-0001-5823-9733 [5] Feofilov G. 0000-0003-3700-8623 Fernandez Tellez A. 0000-0003-0152-4220 [19] Ferrandi L. 0000-0001-7107-2325 [28] Ferrer M.B. 0000-0001-9723-1291 [4] Ferrero A. 0000-0003-1089-6632 [37] Ferrero C. 0009-0008-5359-761X [5] Ferretti A. 0000-0001-9084-5784 [5] Feuillard V.J.G. 0009-0002-0542-4454 [23] Filova V. 0000-0002-6444-4669 [54] Finogeev D. 0000-0002-7104-7477 Fionda F.M. 0000-0002-8632-5580 [16] Flor F. 0000-0002-0194-1318 [14] Flores A.N. 0009-0006-6140-676X [56] Foertsch S. 0009-0007-2053-4869 [66] Fokin I. 0000-0003-0642-2047 [23] Fokin S. 0000-0002-2136-778X Fragiacomo E. 0000-0001-8216-396X [64] Frajna E. 0000-0002-3420-6301 [43] Fuchs U. 0009-0005-2155-0460 [4] Funicello N. 0000-0001-7814-319X [68] Furget C. 0009-0004-9666-7156 [27] Furs A. 0000-0002-2582-1927 Fusayasu T. 0000-0003-1148-0428 [88] Gaardhoje J.J. 0000-0001-6122-4698 [49] Gagliardi M. 0000-0002-6314-7419 [5] Gago A.M. 0000-0002-0019-9692 [48] Gahlaut T. 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[95] Grabski V. 0000-0002-9581-0879 [13] Graczykowski L.K. 0000-0002-4442-5727 [82] Grecka E. 0009-0002-9826-4989 [2] Grelli A. 0000-0003-0562-9820 [96] Grigoras C. 0009-0006-9035-556X [4] Grigoriev V. 0000-0002-0661-5220 Grigoryan S. 0000-0002-0658-5949 [97] Grosa F. 0000-0002-1469-9022 [4] Grosse-Oetringhaus J.F. 0000-0001-8372-5135 [4] Grosso R. 0000-0001-9960-2594 [11] Grund D. 0000-0001-9785-2215 [54] Guardiano G.G. 0000-0002-5298-2881 [73] Guernane R. 0000-0003-0626-9724 [27] Guilbaud M. 0000-0001-5990-482X [26] Gulbrandsen K. 0000-0002-3809-4984 [49] Gundem T. 0009-0003-0647-8128 [3] Gunji T. 0000-0002-6769-599X [31] Guo W. 0000-0002-2843-2556 [12] Gupta A. 0000-0001-6178-648X [40] Gupta R. 0009-0008-7071-0418 [36] [40] Gwizdziel K. 0000-0001-5805-6363 [82] Gyulai L. 0000-0002-2420-7650 [43] Hadjidakis C. 0000-0002-9336-5169 [37] Haider F.U. 0000-0001-9231-8515 [40] Hamagaki H. 0000-0003-3808-7917 [93] Hamdi A. 0000-0001-7099-9452 [25] Han Y. 0009-0008-6551-4180 [98] Hanley B.G. 0000-0002-8305-3807 [94] Hannigan R. 0000-0003-4518-3528 [56] Hansen J. 0009-0008-4642-7807 [46] Haque M.R. 0000-0001-7978-9638 [82] Harris J.W. 0000-0002-8535-3061 [30] Harton A. 0009-0004-3528-4709 [89] Hassan H. 0000-0002-6529-560X [60] Hatzifotiadou D. 0000-0002-7638-2047 [6] Hauer P. 0000-0001-9593-6730 [99] Havener L.B. 0000-0002-4743-2885 [30] Heckel S.T. 0000-0002-9083-4484 [18] Hellbar E. 0000-0002-7404-8723 [11] Helstrup H. 0000-0002-9335-9076 [100] Hemmer M. 0009-0001-3006-7332 [3] Herman T. 0000-0003-4004-5265 [54] Herrera Corral G. 0000-0003-4692-7410 [101] Herrmann F. 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Ilyas H. 0000-0002-3693-2649 [104] Inaba M. 0000-0003-3895-9092 [75] Innocenti G.M. 0000-0003-2478-9651 [4] Ippolitov M. 0000-0001-9059-2414 Isakov A. 0000-0002-2134-967X [2] [74] Isidori T. 0000-0002-7934-4038 [90] Islam M.S. 0000-0001-9047-4856 [72] Ivanov M. 0000-0001-7461-7327 [11] [85] Ivanov V. 0009-0002-2983-9494 Iversen K.E. 0000-0001-6533-4085 [46] Jablonski M. 0000-0003-2406-911X [38] Jacak B. 0000-0003-2889-2234 [25] Jacazio N. 0000-0002-3066-855X [6] Jacobs P.M. 0000-0001-9980-5199 [25] Jadlovska S. [84] Jadlovsky J. [84] Jaelani S. 0000-0003-3958-9062 Jahnke C. 0000-0003-1969-6960 [73] Jakubowska M.J. 0000-0001-9334-3798 [82] Janik M.A. 0000-0001-9087-4665 [82] Janson T. 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Affiliations

  1. [1] CNRS/IN2P3
  2. [NORA names: France; Europe, EU; OECD];
  3. [2] Nuclear Physics Institute
  4. [NORA names: Czechia; Europe, EU; OECD];
  5. [3] Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt
  6. [NORA names: Germany; Europe, EU; OECD];
  7. [4] CERN
  8. [NORA names: Switzerland; Europe, Non-EU; OECD];
  9. [5] Sezione INFN
  10. [NORA names: Italy; Europe, EU; OECD];

Abstract

The pseudorapidity dependence of elliptic (v), triangular (v), and quadrangular (v) flow coefficients of charged particles measured in Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of s=5.02TeV and in Xe–Xe collisions at s=5.44TeV with ALICE at the LHC are presented. The measurements are performed in the pseudorapidity range −3.5<η<5 for various centrality intervals using two- and multi-particle cumulants with the subevent method. The flow probability density function (p.d.f.) is studied with the ratio of flow coefficient v calculated with four- and two-particle cumulant, and suggests that the variance of flow p.d.f. is independent of pseudorapidity. The decorrelation of the flow vector in the longitudinal direction is probed using two-particle correlations. The results measured with respect to different reference regions in pseudorapidity exhibit differences, argued to be a result of saturating decorrelation effect above a certain pseudorapidity separation, in contrast to previous publications which assign this observation to non-flow effects. The results are compared to 3+1 dimensional hydrodynamic and the AMPT transport model calculations. Neither of the models is able to simultaneously describe the pseudorapidity dependence of measurements of anisotropic flow and its fluctuations. The results presented in this work highlight shortcomings in our current understanding of initial conditions and subsequent system expansion in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, they provide input for its improvement.

Funders

  • Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
  • Science and Technology Facilities Council
  • European Commission
  • Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research
  • National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
  • Natur og Univers, Det Frie Forskningsråd
  • Suomen Akatemia
  • Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  • Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
  • Nuclear Physics
  • National Research Foundation
  • Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India
  • Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
  • Ministry of Education and Science
  • Danmarks Grundforskningsfond
  • Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu
  • Villum Fonden and Danish National Research Foundation
  • State Committee of Science and World Federation
  • Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear
  • NSRF
  • Vetenskapsrådet
  • Horizon 2020
  • European Research Council
  • Norges Forskningsråd
  • Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
  • National Science and Technology Development Agency
  • National Research Foundation
  • Narodowe Centrum Nauki
  • Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
  • National Nuclear Research Center
  • Institutul de Fizică Atomică
  • Austrian Academy of Sciences
  • Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
  • Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport
  • Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
  • Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
  • Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation
  • General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Education, Research and Religions
  • Suranaree University of Technology
  • U.S. Department of Energy
  • Ministry of Communications and High Technologies
  • Österreichische Nationalstiftung für Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung
  • National Science Research and Innovation Fund
  • Fondo de Cooperación Internacional en Ciencia y Tecnología
  • Ministry of Science and Education and Croatian Science Foundation
  • Ministry of Education and Science
  • Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • WUT ID-UB
  • Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
  • Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
  • Austrian Science Fund
  • University Grants Commission, Government of India
  • Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
  • Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
  • Yerevan Physics Institute
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
  • Helsinki Institute of Physics
  • CERN
  • Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
  • University Grants Commission
  • Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
  • Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
  • Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
  • GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
  • Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
  • Institute of Atomic Physics and Universitatea Nationala de Stiinta si Tehnologie Politehnica Bucuresti

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