open access publication

Article, 2023

Atrial Fibrillation (AFIB) in the ICU: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes: The International AFIB-ICU Cohort Study

Critical Care Medicine, ISSN 0090-3493, 1530-0293, Volume 51, 9, Pages 1124-1137, 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005883

Contributors

Wetterslev M. 0000-0002-8798-1133 (Corresponding author) [1] Hylander Moller M. 0000-0002-6378-9673 [1] Granholm A. 0000-0001-5799-7655 [1] Hassager C. 0000-0002-1199-0981 [1] Haase N. 0000-0002-8176-404X [1] Lange T. 0000-0001-6807-8347 [2] Myatra S.N. 0000-0001-6761-163X [3] Hastbacka J. 0000-0002-3613-7231 [4] Arabi Y.M. 0000-0001-5735-6241 [5] Shen J. [6] Cronhjort M. 0000-0002-0444-8553 [7] Lindqvist E. [7] Aneman A. 0000-0003-2096-5304 [8] [9] Young P.J. 0000-0002-3428-3083 [10] [11] Szczeklik W. 0000-0002-1349-1123 [12] Siegemund M. 0000-0002-2013-4140 [13] Koster T.M. 0000-0003-2416-7131 [14] Aslam T.N. 0000-0002-1376-1533 [15] Bestle M.H. 0000-0001-6585-2659 [2] [16] Girkov M.S. [17] Kalvit K. [3] Mohanty R. [3] Mascarenhas J. [18] Pattnaik M. [19] Vergis S. Haranath S.P. Shah M. Joshi Z. Wilkman E. [4] Reinikainen M. 0000-0001-6878-3740 [20] Lehto P. [21] Jalkanen V. [22] Pulkkinen A. [23] An Y. [6] Wang G. [24] Huang L. [25] Huang B. [25] Liu W. [26] Gao H. [27] Dou L. [28] Li S. [29] Yang W. Tegnell E. [30] Knight A. Czuczwar M. [31] Czarnik T. [32] Perner A. 0000-0002-4668-0123 [1] Al Humedi H.I. [32] Zellweger N. 0000-0002-3202-2365 [33] Nuciforo C. [13] Deng Y. [13] Luo H. [24] Yan M. [25] Engstrom J. [29] Krag M. 0000-0002-5246-8727 [34] Bestle F.H. [35] Poulsen L.M. 0000-0002-7030-3395 [16] Hildebrandt T. 0000-0001-7845-9899 [36] Sofie Andreasen A. 0000-0002-8759-3405 [36] Tjelle Kristiansen K. [37] Mohr T. [17] Moller-Sorensen H. 0000-0001-8439-7743 [37] Moller K. 0000-0003-3058-1072 [1] Gorade M. [1] Gandhi B. [3] Jha T. [18] Tisekar O. [18] Kar A. Nimavat B. [20] Lappi E. Heinonen J. [4] Pettila L. [4] Iso-Ketola M. [4] Saario M. [4] Suhonen T. [4] Vaskelainen E. [4] Halonen E. [37] Rahikainen S. [17] Julkunen S. [37] Salkio S. [4] Makinen S. [21] Ristimaki S. [22] Hartikainen J. [22] Inkinen N. [23] Tolmunen S. [23] Oras J. [23] Delaney K. [30] Navarra L. [11] Cruz R. [11] Olatunji S. [11] Bombinska M. [11] Laake J.H. 0000-0001-6157-5359 [12] Keus F. 0000-0003-1516-1475 [15] Eck R.J. 0000-0001-7440-2465 [14]

Affiliations

  1. [1] Rigshospitalet
    2. [NORA names: Capital Region of Denmark; Hospital; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  2. [2] University of Copenhagen
    3. [NORA names: KU University of Copenhagen; University; Denmark; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  3. [3] Tata Memorial Hospital
    4. [NORA names: India; Asia, South];
  4. [4] University of Helsinki
    5. [NORA names: Finland; Europe, EU; Nordic; OECD];
  5. [5] National Guard Health Affairs
    6. [NORA names: Saudi Arabia; Asia, Middle East];

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To assess the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the ICU and to describe current practice in the management of AF. DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, inception cohort study. SETTING: Forty-four ICUs in 12 countries in four geographical regions. SUBJECTS: Adult, acutely admitted ICU patients without a history of persistent/permanent AF or recent cardiac surgery were enrolled; inception periods were from October 2020 to June 2021. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We included 1,423 ICU patients and analyzed 1,415 (99.4%), among whom 221 patients had 539 episodes of AF. Most (59%) episodes were diagnosed with continuous electrocardiogram monitoring. The incidence of AF was 15.6% (95% CI, 13.8-17.6), of which newly developed AF was 13.3% (11.5-15.1). A history of arterial hypertension, paroxysmal AF, sepsis, or high disease severity at ICU admission was associated with AF. Used interventions to manage AF were fluid bolus 19% (95% CI 16-23), magnesium 16% (13-20), potassium 15% (12-19), amiodarone 51% (47-55), beta-1 selective blockers 34% (30-38), calcium channel blockers 4% (2-6), digoxin 16% (12-19), and direct current cardioversion in 4% (2-6). Patients with AF had more ischemic, thromboembolic (13.6% vs 7.9%), and severe bleeding events (5.9% vs 2.1%), and higher mortality (41.2% vs 25.2%) than those without AF. The adjusted cause-specific hazard ratio for 90-day mortality by AF was 1.38 (95% CI, 0.95-1.99). CONCLUSIONS: In ICU patients, AF occurred in one of six and was associated with different conditions. AF was associated with worse outcomes while not statistically significantly associated with 90-day mortality in the adjusted analyses. We observed variations in the diagnostic and management strategies for AF.

Keywords

adverse outcomes, critical illness, intensive care units, management, newly developed atrial fibrillation

Funders

  • Research Council of Rigshospitalet
  • Fresenius Kabi
  • AM-Pharma
  • Pfizer
  • Ehrenreich’s foundation
  • Novo Nordisk Fonden
  • Ehrenreich’s Foundation
  • Danish Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine
  • Department of Intensive Care
  • Gentofte Hospital

Data Provider: Elsevier

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